Organizational Cultures and Sub Cultures

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Cultures and Sub Cultures. Answer: The term organizational behavior is concerned with nature of the workforce towards the co-staff members and also towards to its organization. The concept can also be considerd as the study or analysis done on the nature of the individual working within an organization and this behaviour plays a crucial role and is very significant as this has many impacts on the structure and culture of business corporation (Miner, 2011). A good and positive organizational behaviour will help each and every employee properly and also the clients and consumers will have more respect for the corporation. The below carried out analysis has been focused on The Philippine Daily Inquirer which is a top leading name and leading name in the news readers since last few years. The below presented report will be summarising the organizang culture and the structure which is followed by the above stated business corporation. Apart from that conribution of the current departmentalization approach to the problem ha s also been explained. Organizational Culture and Sub-Cultures in the Inquirer. The mechanism of beliefs, ideas and the thoughts of the employees which are required to be shared with a business corporation which is to be considered as the culture accordinng to which the working or the operations in an business entity are to be carried out. The term helps an organizaation in building and developing the image of a company in the minds of the consumers and the clients. A storng culture of an organization will enhance the quality of the work which will help in delivering a set of better quality of products and services. The below mentioned is the organizational culture and the sub-culture adopted by the Inquirer:- The term complacency is a dangeous form of organizational culture which has a saturation level beyond the walls of the multi national corporations and extends into the reaches of everyday firm and the entities (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths, 2014). Th is type of culture is always associated with the success and also lives long after the success that created it has disappeared. The business corporations or the individuals who have adopted this culture or ar complacent will be reluctant towards new opportunities or hazards. Inquirers has also adopted this type of organizational culture and has made corporation to work in the old way. The organization and the individualas focused on the past ideas and workings which has worked for them. And also due to adoption of this approach Inquirer's do not pay sufficient attention towards the upcoming opportunities frightening of new risks and problems. Resistance to Change Within the Inquirer. As per the analysis there are a number of diferences found in the operations of the traditional and the modern method of the news papers. The traditionsl newspapers had the news deadlines There was a fixed time of 5pm and around which all types of news, advertisments, features and the promotional and advertising contents were sent for the day. All types of the news material was processed, are combined in a proper format and and then are presented out on a newspaper page and are finally sent to the printing press for the printing purpose. Thr process of printing is carried out the whole night and the machines are working throughout the night so that by 4am of the next day the news papers are ready and then are sent for the delivery through trucks for te distribution process throughout the region. But whereas in the case of news website ther are no such deadlines as there are in the traditional is method. This methods is a contemporary form of channelising the news with the help of the internet (Blackmore and Sachs, 2012). The news are readily and easily available on the internet as soon as they are ready for the readers. The biggest benefiit of the modern method of news is that it is easily accessible from anywhere through the acess over the internet and whereas in case of newspapers if the news fails to switch to the other medium or ohter . So in order to survive in the competitive world there is a need for Inquirer to change the traditional editorial process for competiting the news websitesfor accmodating a 24 hours news cycle. But there was a resistance in the organization to adapt the changes as the there was a pstrategy ossiblity of working for long hours and under the 24 hours and this working condition was discouraging. Moreover there will be a need for hiring of more editorial staff and which will tend them to work moreonn monitoringand also there was a risk of losing control over quality of news content. Centralization within the Editorial Group and its Effects. This is the process or the mechanism through which all the operational and managerial activities such as strategy planning and decision making and other concerned functions within an organization gets conceentrated at a level or under control of a group. The decision making and all the authorities rests at the head office of the organizations. One of the biggest advantage of this mechanism is there is a sense of equality in the allocation of work and allso by the implementation of centralization thre is also equlity in behaviour which gurantees unvarying judjement and standardised progression (Thomas, Sargent and Hardy, 2011). This mechanism aids in the situation of crisis or any sought of emergency, standardisation of work helps in revising al the activities at a time and this gurantees a greater sense of flexiblity within a business corporation as copared to the organizations with no centralization. Apart from the advantages there are some of the disadvantages of this process such as there will be a rise n inequity through the instigation of strictness and confirmity of the regulations and norms and this effects the decision making annd the also leads to delay in the submission of tasks. As mentioned in the case study Letty is the editor-in-chief and has all the authoritative powers in the editorial office and also the driving force of the newspaper's brand of journalism. But as she has all the powers and used to come late hours and the newspapers process often have to wait for for her input and after that many of the editorial decisions are overwritten which were made earlier by the junior. Staff and which caused delay in the process. Moreover the delays in the the process will also lead to down in the production process, also there is a delay in the distribution process and this delay benefited the competitors as they were able to deliver the news to the readers much earlier. These above mentioned are the effects of centeralization in the editorials office. Contribution of Departmentalization Approaach to the Problem. The term is concerned with the division of the departments into various other sub-sections within a business corporation. This segmentaton is done on the basis of specializationn of the department's or on a performance on a specific task. This mechanismm can bee adopted by an organization for structuring the business and the operational activities. This mechanism provides a necesary degree of specialization of executive activities for effecient performance. And also this processs helps in making the tasks simplier and also management of te same is also done within the workable time span (Griffin and Moorhead, 2011). Departmentalization also provides basis on which the managerial team are able to control and manage the activities of the various segments or units. As mentioned in the case study the company is using the traditional method and the world is moving its footsteps towards the modern methods of mass media and communication and internet is one of them. The internet was the eas iest means for accessing the news and was becoming the biggest problem for Inquirer. Team Development Stage of Editorial Group The above stated concept is concerned with the set or series of the stages which are arranged in an order for the purpose to bring the necessary developments in the groups who are performing in the organization (Bonebright, 2010). There are mainly four phases through which the team moves its path towards development such as forming, storming, norming and performing. As mentioned in the case study Editorial group is at the performing stage of team development as all the employees and the staff members in the business organization have productive relationship and also have capabilities of communicating and co-ordinating effectively and effeciently. Moreover there are a number of forward thing edditors in the corporation who have the potential of of turning the ship around towards development and modern strategies which will benefit the business firm. Letty's Leadership Style and Behavior Affect Inquirer's Change As mentioned above Letty is the editor in chief and is working with the traditional newspaper process. She is the motivating force of the newspapers fearless brand journalism. She often used to come late to the office and due to that the printing process used to get delayed (Schermerhorn and et.al., 2011). Many of the decisons of the junior staff were over-ruled and this also increased delay in the process The oher staff member in the company were of competent by nature and as Letty was using the micro-management style of leadership Due to this leadership style there were many delays in the newspaper process and which would result in chain reaction down the production process, continuing to the delay in the distribution of the newspapers and this resulted beneficial for the copetitors as they were now easily delivering the news to the readers through internet. Changes in the Orgaanizational Culture to Become more Adaptive to the Environment The employers of the organization are concerned that they have to deal with the idealistic journalists and the editors and they also have to give significance to the advertising business as it is to be the lifehood of the business organization. And they also haave to ensuree that the organizational structure adapts the necessary changes according to the time so as to have flawless business activities and a continued success (Huczynski and Buchanan, 2010). As stated in the case study Sandy, the inquirer's CEO has to face a number of challenging scenarios which has developed due to the clashes in the various sub-cultures within the organization and also have to make a clear path through the rough waters. A set of necessary training sessions needed to be organized so as to make aware and update the employees about the changes and also the benefits of the changes should be clearly explained so as it will be easy for them to adapt them. New technologies and mechanisms should be implemented in the processes so as to increase the productivity and the capablities of the employees which in turn will rove beneficial for the organizational culture. Conclusion From the above carried out analysis it has been concluded that organizational behaviour is the study of the behaviour of the human resource towards its task and the corporation. The behaviour or the nature of the employee plays a significant role in the working structure and culture of the business entity. Moreover the organizational culture and the sub-culture adapted by the Inquirer which is a news paper has been described and also found that the company has adopted the complacency culture and which is a very dangeruos type of organizational culture. Further the the difference between traditional and contemporary method of the news papers has been explained. Also the significance of centralisation and also the effects of the same has been exmined for the Editorials group. References Miner, J., 2011. Organizational Behavior 6: Integrated Theory Development and the Role of the Unconscious. M.E. Sharpe. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014. Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Blackmore, J. and Sachs, J., 2012. Performing and reforming leaders: Gender, educational restructuring, and organizational change. Suny Press. Thomas, R., Sargent, L.D. and Hardy, C., 2011. Managing organizational change: Negotiating meaning and power-resistance relations. Organization Science, 22(1), pp.22-41. Griffin, W, and Moorhead, G., 2011. Organizational Behavior, Cengage Learning. Schermerhorn, R and et.al., 2011. Organizational Behavior, John Wiley Sons. Huczynski, A. and Buchanan, D.A., 2010. Organizational behaviour. Financial Times Prentice Hall. French, R., 2011. Organizational behaviour. John Wiley Sons. Lee, R. and Lawrence, P., 2013. Organizational Behaviour (RLE: Organizations): Politics at Work (Vol. 18). Routledge. Martin, J. and Frost, P., 2011. The organizational culture war games. Sociology of organizations: Structures and relationships, 315. Abu-Jarad, I.Y., Yusof, N.A. and Nikbin, D., 2010. A review paper on organizational culture and organizational performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 1(3). Schein, E.H., 2010. Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Martin, J. and Frost, P., 2011. The organizational culture war games. Sociology of organizations: Structures and relationships, 315. Chhokar, J.S., Brodbeck, F.C. and House, R.J. eds., 2013. Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Asree, S., Zain, M. and Rizal Razalli, M., 2010. Influence of leadership competency and organizational culture on responsiveness and performance of firms. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(4), pp.500-516. Bonebright, D.A., 2010. 40 years of storming: a historical review of Tuckman's model of small group development. Human Resource Development International, 13(1), pp.111-120. Blanca, A, 2017, The importance of organizational behaviour and its effects on company, Assessed on 15th Febraury 2017, https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/importance-organizational-behavior-its-effect-company-25410.html. Archibald, J, 2014, What is organizational behavior and why does it matter, Assessed on 15th Febraury 2017, https://leadershiparchways.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/organizational-behavior-49.jpg.

Benefit of Study Abroad free essay sample

Studying abroad may be that defining moment in your education that will change your life. Nothing will be quite the same after you have studied abroad. * Your perspectives will be global * Your attitudes will be international * You will have memories that you will carry forever * Your resume will be more attractive * In some cases, your language proficiency will be advanced * You will have developed lifelong friendships The largest misconception that prevents students from participating in study abroad is its perceived inaccessibility. Yet students who do study abroad are often amazed at how easy it was to put the whole thing together!Financial aid is often available, every major field of study can partake, and study abroad is an experience available to every student. Its as easy as a working through a checklist! The following information is just that it should be used only as a guideline. Every college and university has its own study abroad policy and requirements, so be sure that you work with your campus advisors and offices. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefit of Study Abroad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why study abroad? sdy pic 01 5 Reasons to Study Abroad 1. Academic credit The most obvious reason why students study abroad is to earn academic credit. You should consider the type of credit you will earn on your study abroad program.Will you earn credit towards your major or elective credit only? Will you receive grades or pass/fail credit only? Will it count towards your GPA? You may study abroad to earn upper division credits in your major field or you may be overseas to earn some of your core or general education hours your freshman year. It is important that you work with your campus study abroad and/or registrars office before committing to a program to make sure that the credits will count towards your degree. 2. Language acquisition The world market place is shrinking rapidly and many companies require or prefer that their employees have second languages. Foreign languages are not only valuable in the work force, they are valuable in the real world. 3. Practical experience Study abroad coupled with an international internship is an incredible way to gain some real world experience. You may find that only an international program can offer the real expertise you desire in your education. Australia is a great place to find a marine biology program, the engineering labs in Sweden may exceed your facilities at your home institution, and peace studies in Geneva would offer an insight that couldnt be matched in Nebraska. . Resume building International experience is ranked high among many employers as a critical asset for prospective employees. Study abroad shows that you are resourceful, adventurous, internationally minded, and diverse. See the Discover Your Value series on this blog. 5. Experience of a lifetime In a couple years you may forget the name of your literature professor in Grenoble or the name of your dorm in Beijing, but youll never forget the friends you made or the incredible experiences you shared

Natural Disasters and Supply Chains

Abstract This paper examines the system of procurement and supply and the effects natural disasters have on supply chains and buyers. It elaborates on the situations that manufacturers face when encountering natural disasters. Finally it elaborates on possible supply chain strategies that can be employed in order to avoid future problems as a result of natural disasters.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Natural Disasters and Supply Chains specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While there are a variety of possible solutions available to prevent interruptions in the supply chain they are not without significant setbacks. The inherent problem with trying to prevent any and all supply chain interruptions while taking into account the possibility of natural disasters is the fact that there are too many factors at work to actually create a 100% effective plan that can mitigate and all problems. The best possible solutio n would be diversify the supply chain to such an extent to ensure that production does not stop completely should a supplier be affected by a natural disaster. Introduction The concepts of procurement, production and purchase are at the very core of the global economic market, these consist of raw material suppliers, manufacturers and then consumers who help drive the global economy. The fact is, not all companies are able to extract raw materials, convert it and turn it into a product that is commercially viable. Each type of company specializes in accomplishing a specific type of economic activity, in the case of the manufacturing industry this specialization is divided into three distinct categories namely that of a raw materials supplier, a components manufacturer and a final product maker. The reasoning behind this separation is based on the fact that it is far more profitable for companies to focus on a specialization that they are good at rather than attempt to diversify into other aspects of the production process. Such a system thus results in a single product being produced as a result of each company’s specialization culminating into the creation of a finished product. While each individual product has its own unique manufacturing process all of them share the same dependence on the concept of the procurement supply chain where each stage in the process is an integral part in helping the product come together (Shuguang, 2010).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is due to this that the question of what would happen to the supply chain once an integral link in the process be removed comes to mind as a result of some unforeseen external event (Shuguang, 2010). One of the inherent problems with doing business in the current global system is the fact that unforeseen circumstances such as natural disasters (i.e. tsunamis, earthquakes, floods etc.) have a distinctly negative effect on the supply chains for most businesses. As such, it is necessary to determine how natural disasters impact supply chains and what processes can be done to prevent the possible collapse of the chain as a result of such unforeseen factors. Understanding the Effect of Natural Disasters on the Process of Procurement Production processes are not as robust as most people tend to believe, in fact they are quite vulnerable due to their dependence on a continuous stream of raw materials and components, their labor force and the lastly a constant supply of fuel/energy in order to keep production facilities running (Stecke Kumar, 2009). If you take even a single aspect of the operation out of the equation, such as the labor force, raw materials and components or even the fuel/electricity, the entire process quickly breaks down and production grinds to a halt. The inherent problem with natural disasters is the fact that they affect all component s of the production process in unique ways and as a result their occurrence is detrimental to the efficient production of various goods (Stecke Kumar, 2009). Effect on Supply Lines When natural disasters happen, the supply of raw materials that goes into the production line stops completely. The reasoning behind this is simple, natural disasters prevent accessibility to various areas due to the destruction of roads, bridges and debris that are a common place occurrence after a natural disaster strikes (Bunkley, 2011). As such, supply trucks that would normally be able to reach the manufacturing complexes are unable to go through which prevents the delivery of goods (Bunkley, 2011). Raw material suppliers are also reluctant to send supply trucks immediately after a natural disaster has occurred due to the possibility of a recurrence. Another factor to consider is that raw material supplies do not always come from local suppliers but can also come from international sources. The prob lem with this is that the various docks and piers designated for the offloading of cargo may have been affected by the natural disaster itself which creates a certain amount of difficulty in terms of getting the raw materials off of a ship and towards a production complex.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Natural Disasters and Supply Chains specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The raw material suppliers themselves could have also been affected by the tsunami resulting in their own facilities receiving considerable damage which further complicates their capacity to be able to send raw materials to their various clients (Winslow, 2011). Effect on Labor When natural disasters strike their effect on local populations can be devastating with possible casualty rates escalating from hundreds to possibly thousands of individuals. In such cases it is likely that workers from the factory could have been affected by the di saster and as such this directly affects the production capability of the production facility (Financial performance, 2006). It is unlikely that a factory located near a natural disaster would force their workers to come work in light of the disaster that just occurred. Without workers production screeches to a halt until either it has been determined that it is safe for production to continue or new workers are hired to replace those that died. In such cases where a large percentage of the worker population has died this affects the production capacity of the factory until such a time that a new workforce can be adequately trained to match the capabilities of the old one. This process of transition can take months and as a result greatly reduces production capacity and the quality of finished products. Effect on Production Capability The 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan has revealed one crucial factor about natural disasters and their effect on production capability and that is the fact that even though a facility is located hundreds of miles away from where the disaster actually occurred there is still the possibility of the disaster affecting the production capability of the factory. This is based off the resulting effect natural disasters have on power grids and power lines (Lohr et al., 2011). The earthquake, tsunami and the damage to the Fukushima nuclear reactor that followed, impacted factories located as far away as Tokyo which is 135 miles away. These factories had to slash their production capabilities to almost 40% of what they are normally capable of doing due to the periodic power saving measures instituted by electric companies in order to prioritize more â€Å"essential† services (Lohr et al., 2011). As a result, factories located within the Tokyo and the surrounding areas are unable to meet their previous production target which creates problems for buyers who have come to rely on prompt delivery of their needed components (Bunkley, 2011).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Recommendation Possible Procurement Strategies to Avoid Supply Problems due to Natural Disasters There is an old saying that states that â€Å"you should not put all your eggs in one basket†, what this means for the strategy of procurement in light of the possibility of natural disasters is to diversify sourcing strategies in order to prevent the possibility of being supply blocked (Chopra Sodhi, 2004). There are several possible procurement strategies that could be employed in order to diversify supply lines for products however while each method does have its own merit it does also come with several negative aspects that should be taken into account before creating a procurement strategy that centers around them. The first strategy would be to diversify the supply of integral components through several suppliers in several regions and countries instead of a single main supplier for the component (Perry, 2007). The advantage of this method is that should the area of one sup plier be affected by a natural disaster the remaining supply lines would still be viable and could â€Å"pick up the slack† so to speak of the lost supply line (Perry, 2007). One problem with this method is the fact that by separating the amount of components supplied through several companies the company purchasing them actually loses out on potential bulk discount savings that could have come from ordering from a single company. Another problem to take note of when it comes to supply diversity is the possibility of shifting quality standards when sourcing from different companies from different locations. Companies have their own set of quality standards, business culture and safety regulations that they adhere to depending upon the region in question. For example, companies within China have a much lower degree of corporate social responsibility as compared to companies within Japan, the U.S. and various European countries. This would result in the components of the same p roduct being invariably better or worse than others. This of course creates a problematic situation for a company’s quality standards since the differences in component quality have to be taken into account during the quality control process. It is due to situations such as this that most companies prefer to source particular components from a single supplier. Not only does this resolve the issue regarding problems in the quality control process but it makes the production process that much cheaper. Another possibility that could be taken into consideration is that assuming the quality standards of the suppliers a company is sourcing a single component from are the same, the company could merely source the same component from different locations to avoid interruptions in the supply chain. The inherent problem with this situation is the differences in cost due to the distance of delivery. If a company were to source products from different suppliers yet all of them are located in the same general area this makes the concept of supply diversity useless since they would all be hit by the same natural disaster. One method around this would be source products from different regions or better yet different countries (Skoufias, 2003). The advantage of this method is that it would prevent natural disasters from hitting all suppliers at one time. As mentioned earlier, the problem with this is the differences in overall costs in delivery with some locations that are nearer obviously costing less than those that are far away. In cases such as this companies would then choose to have a majority of their supplied components coming from locations that are nearby thus lowering the cost of transportation (Skoufias, 2003). In this situation it is assumed that all components cost the same and that it is the cost of delivery that causes differences in prices. The inherent problem with this particular solution lies with the fact that too large of a percentage of component supply is isolated to nearby locations. if such locations were to be hit by a localized natural disaster more components would then have to be shipped from locations farther away which may or may not have the production capacity to meet the company’s needs. Another approach to the problem comes in the form of simply obtaining suppliers from locations that are not prone to natural disasters thus there would be little risk of disruptions. While this method of procurement is sound there is still a problem as to whether there would actually be a components manufacturer in an area that is not easily affected by natural disasters. Research into possible areas not directly affected by natural disasters shows that areas located in the Middle East have fewer natural disasters as compared to other locations around the world. Unfortunately their industries are neither agriculturally nor industrially based and as such would prove to be viable locations for sourcing if a company was deali ng with petroleum based products. If not, they would not prove to be useful at all. References Bunkley, N. (2011). Japan’s Automakers Expect Longer Delays. New York  Times. p. 1. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Chopra, S., Sodhi, M.(2004). Managing Risk to Avoid Supply Chain Breakdown.  MIT Sloan Management Review, 46(1), 53-62. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Financial performance. (2006). Supply chains after disruptions an event study. Supply  Chain Management, 11(1), 25-33. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Lohr, S., Bunkley, N., Kopytoff, V. (2011). Supply Disruptions of Power and Water Threaten Japan’s Economy. New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Perry, M. (2007). Natural disaster management planning A study of logistics managers responding to the tsunami. International Journal of Physical Distribution   Logistics Management, 37(5), 409-433. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Shuguang, L., Jun, L., Hayes, K. (2010). An agile and diversified supply chain reducing operati onal risks. Competitiveness Review, 20(3), 222-234. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Skoufias, E. (2003). Economic Crises and Natural Disasters Coping Strategies and Policy Implications. World Development, 31(7), 1087. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Stecke, K., Kumar, S. (2009). Sources of Supply Chain Disruptions Factors That Breed Vulnerability and Mitigating Strategies. Journal of Marketing Channels, 16(3), 193. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Wimmer, S. (2000). Procurement Pros Stay Afloat in Wake of Natural Disasters.  Government Procurement, 8(2), 7. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Winslow, G. (2011). Japan Quake Shakes TV Equipment Suppliers. Multichannel News, 32(12), 25. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. This term paper on Natural Disasters and Supply Chains was written and submitted by user Helena P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Spelling Review Exercises for Commonly Misspelled Words

Spelling Review Exercises for Commonly Misspelled Words Study  spelling rules and commonly misspelled words, then test your spelling skills by completing the following short exercises. In some cases, you will need to add a letter or two to complete the correct spelling of each word in parentheses. In other cases, the word in parentheses is correct as it stands. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Group A: To E or Not to E? Some of the words in parentheses require the addition of the letter e; others are correct as they stand. Gus is (tru-ly) sorry for keeping you awake last night.We were criticized (sever-ly) by the sewing circle.The shed was (complet-ly) demolished.Merdine was (sincer-ly) grateful for the reprieve.The Simpsons are (argu-ing) again.They (argu-d) last night for hours.When is Mr. Wolfe (com-ing) home.Maya is (writ-ing) her autobiography.Mr. White is (judg-ing) the essay contest.Be (car-ful) when you light the furnace. Group B: IE or EI? Some of the words require the addition of ie; others require ei. Paint the (cling) before you paint the walls.Gus has been (recving) threatening e-mails.A (wrd) noise came out of the attic.I paid almost five dollars for that (pce) of pie.I dont (belve) in coincidence.The guests brought (thr) children to the wedding.(Nther) of us can help you today.The (nghbors) complained about our parents.Linda (wghs) less than her collie.We waited for the (frght) train to pass. Group C: I or Y? Some of the words require the addition of i; others require y. Have you (tr-ed) the dessert yet?The baby (cr-ed) throughout the church service.We compared two (theor-es) of evolution.Peggy felt (betra-ed) by her manager.You should be (stud-ing) for Fridays exam.(Lonel-ness) was never a problem for Henry.She (fl-es) on broken wings.I have always (rel-ed) on my friends.Please give Mr. Flannery my (apolog-es).It was a (pit-ful) sight. Group D: A, E, or I? Complete each word with the letter a, e, or i. I borrowed these flowers from the (cemet-ry).My parakeet eats huge (quant-ties) of bird seed.The tax cuts will (ben-fit) the wealthy.It was a (priv-lege) to meet you.He has a remarkably (unpleas-nt) disposition.We placed the puppies in (sep-rate) rooms.Henry is an (independ-nt) thinker.I found an (excell-nt) excuse to resign from the committee.She chose items from different (cat-gories).Professor Legree made another (irrelev-nt) remark. Group E: Single or Double? Some of these words require the doubling of a consonant; others are correct as they stand. The sun was (shin-ing) down like honey.The experiment was (control-ed) by a madman.The region is slowly (begin-ing) to recover.Doug (pour-ed) sugar over Yoddys oatmeal.She keeps (forget-ing) to call me.Gus (admit-ed) his mistake.They were (sweat-ing) in the classroom.That idea never (occur-ed) to me.The bunny went (hop-ing) down to the abattoir.His doctor (refer-ed) him to a dimple specialist. Group F: Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. Marriage comes without a (g-arantee).Caley (su-prised) me.You are (prob-ly) going to be late.Does she (reali-e) that her socks dont match?(D-scribe) the man who hit you.We waited (until-) the mortician arrived.Merdine (recom-ended) a psychiatrist.Take two (asp-rin) and go to bed.She supports a strong (ath-letic) program.The (tem-rature) reached 109 degrees in Yuma. Group G: More Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. She (a-quired) a good tan and a new boyfriend.Gus is (basic-ly) lazy.We must work together to improve the (envir-ment).I wish Hansel would just (dis-pear).Mr. Summers should attend to his (bus-ness).Alice Walker wrote an essay (sim-lar) to yours.The Red Sox have (fin-ly) won a ball game.I was (dis-appointed) by the cranberries in dill sauce.Doc Brown was working in his (lab-ratory).Baron Leibniz works for the (gover-ment). When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Answers Here are the answers to the Spelling Review Exercises, Groups A through G. ANSWERS- GROUP A1. truly; 2. severely; 3. completely; 4. sincerely; 5. arguing; 6. argued; 7. coming; 8. writing; 9. judging; 10. careful. ANSWERS- GROUP B1. ceiling; 2. receiving; 3. weird; 4. piece; 5. believe; 6. their; 7. Neither; 8. neighbors; 9. weighs; 10. freight ANSWERS- GROUP C1. tried; 2. cried; 3. theories; 4. betrayed; 5. studying; 6. Loneliness; 7. flies; 8.  relied; 9. apologies; 10. pitiful ANSWERS- GROUP D1. cemetery; 2. quantities; 3. benefit; 4. privilege; 5. unpleasant; 6. separate; 7. independent; 8. excellent; 9. categories; 10. irrelevant ANSWERS- GROUP E1. shining; 2. controlled; 3. beginning; 4. poured; 5. forgetting; 6. admitted; 7. sweating; 8. occurred; 9. hopping; 10. referred ANSWERS- GROUP F1. guarantee; 2. surprised; 3. probably; 4. realize; 5. Describe; 6. until; 7. recommended; 8. aspirin; 9. athletic; 10. temperature ANSWERS- GROUP G1. acquired; 2. basically; 3. environment; 4. disappear; 5. business; 6. similar; 7. finally; 8. disappointed; 9. laboratory; 10. government

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Reflection Paper - Essay Example Moreover, the neither the host or the native country provide adequate protection to these people, so they are supported by non-profit organizations such as United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Due to impact of the war and social clashes people are forced to leave their native land and cross the international border to safeguard their lives, as the government of the host country is unable to provide them with necessary security and relief. From the basic understanding gained, I have realized that the increasing numbers of refugees are due to the socio-political issues such as armed conflicts, agitations and human rights violations. The social issues of immigration have increased considerably and to protect these people UNHCR organization is taking steps. I have identified that the main objective of UNHCR is to safeguard the live of people and to provide them with asylum based on International refugee law (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, n.d.). From the research assignment, I have realized that the relief centers are providing protection and taking measures to reduce displacement and resettle the refugees to their native land with proper safety. I have further learnt that UNHCR provides care in an impartial manner irrespective of race and gender. It offers care to women and children by providing them equal rights. Moreover, UNHCR is committed to provide security to the refugees and provide them with possible solution. As per my understanding the organization is highly committed to provide protection and taking measure to resettle them in their country. From the assignment provided, I have gained a rich understanding regarding the life of the immigrants and refugees. I have gained an insight that these people have to face severe issues such as rape and trafficking during their stay. I realized that refugees live a struggling

Personal and Professional Development Research Paper

Personal and Professional Development - Research Paper Example In these regards, it is my hope to secure a professional position with advancement opportunities that fully maximizes my human potential. In this way I will be able to go to worth with energy and passion, knowing that there is no better professional situation on Earth for my skills.There are many external factors that could potentially facilitate or hinder my quest to achieve my goals. In terms of professional goals I recognize that I would eventually like to attain a graduate degree in accounting. While my parents have generously aided me in attending college to attain my undergraduate degree, I recognize that attain a graduate degree will require me to take on increased financial responsibility. This will then pose a challenge for me to overcome. Another external challenge is the need to attain a job after graduating from college. I also recognize that I will have to be able to register for the necessary classes and get the necessary professors that will be educate me and point me in the right path on my journey. While there are a number of years before I will enter the job market, I recognize that the current economic climate is highly challenged. The United States is in a recession and subsequently jobs are limited. This will subsequently place a great challenge on me.

Secularisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Secularisation - Essay Example It was Weber1 who first gave the sociology of religion the seminal concept of secularisation, later to be developed in greater detail by his colleague Troeltsch2 to describe what could be characterised as the decline in the influence of religion on society. The Latin root of the word - saeculum - provides a hint of its ecclesiastical origin, but its ambiguous meanings (era, age, the world, forever, etc.) act somewhat as a warning that every human effort to define it, much less pin it down into a neatly classified field of social scientific study, would either be an impossible task or a challenge that would take forever. Sociologist Larry Shiner3 tried to arrive at a universally accepted modern definition of the word "secularisation" for purposes of both empirical research and interpretation. He argued that there was a total lack of agreement as to what the term signified and how it could be measured. His paper attempted to bring the secularisation concept into focus by considering its history, types of usage and application, a critique of various forms of the concept as analytical tools, and a critique of the secular-religious polarity. However, due to the term's polemical past, its extremely varied definitions, and its frequent use as a blanket term to cover several disparate processes, he concluded that the term "secularisation" should either be abandoned or be explicitly recognised as a comprehensive term covering three complementary but distinct processes: desacralisation, differentiation, and transposition. After him, Martin argued that "the word 'secular', like the word 'religious', is amongst the richest of all words in its range of meaningfull of internal contradictions of which the conventional dictionary scarcely gives a hint". 4 Such a warning, however, should not be a source of discouragement but rather the prelude to an interesting discussion that is full of promise and insight that can help social scientists to better understand past, present, and future events. Martin identified four groups of meanings of the word "secularisation" 5: (1) Decline in the power, wealth, influence, range of control, and prestige of ecclesiastical (church) institutions. As a result, there is considerably less importance of the church's role in society, in the State, and in the professions. (2) Diminution in the frequency, number, intensity, importance, and efficacy of religious customs, practices, and rituals. These are treated as of marginal importance in life, leading to lower over-all attendance to religious worship, a decline in vocations, lower level or religious knowledge and more liberality in personal conduct. (3) Demystification and translation of religious concepts and symbols within a human and temporal reference. This includes rejection of mysterious and non-observable truths and turning to naturalistic, scientific, and objective facts. (4) Decrease in the sense of the supernatural depth and meaning, marked by rejection, indifference, lack of seriousness, dedication, and concern. However, whilst Martin associated secularisation with the decline of what could be characterised as religiosity or religious practices according to the norms of organised (Christian) institutions, he also pointed out a series of paradoxes existing within each of these definition classes that hint at